BT3009 Biomaterials Syllabus:

BT3009 Biomaterials Syllabus – Anna University Regulation 2021

OBJECTIVES

 To Study the phenomena various metals used in implant applications
 To Acquire knowledge importance of ceramics and polymer used biomedical diagnostics
 To Obtain the concept of different types biomaterials applied in-vitro and in-vivo biomedical implants
 To Gain the knowledge about biomaterials used in various biomedical implant application

UNIT I INTRODUCTION

Definition of biomaterials, requirements and classification of biomaterials, Comparison of properties of some common biomaterials. Effects of physiological fluid on the properties of
biomaterials. Biological responses (extra and intra-vascular system). Surface properties of materials, physical properties of materials, mechanical properties.

UNIT II METALLAIC IMPLANT MATERIALS

Stainless steel, Co-based alloys, Ti and Ti-based alloys. Importance of stress-corrosion cracking. Host tissue reaction with bio metal, corrosion behavior and the importance of passive films for tissue adhesion. Hard tissue replacement implant: Orthopedic implants, Dental implants. Soft tissue replacement implants: Percutaneous and skin implants, Vascular implants, Heart valve implants-Tailor made composite in medium.

UNIT III POLYMERIC IMPLANT MATERIALS

Polyolefin’s, polyamides, acrylic polymers, fluorocarbon polymers, silicon rubbers, acetyls. Viscoelastic behavior: creep-recovery, stress-relaxation, strain rate sensitivity. Importance of molecular structure, hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface properties, migration of additives aging and environmental stress cracking. Physiochemical characteristics of biopolymers. Biodegradable polymers for medical purposes, Biopolymers in controlled release systems. Synthetic polymeric membranes and their biological applications.

UNIT IV CERAMIC IMPLANT MATERIALS

Definition of bio ceramics. Common types of bioceramics: Aluminum oxides, Glass ceramics, Carbons. Bio resorbable and bioactive ceramics. Importance of wear resistance and low fracture
toughness. Host tissue reactions: importance of interfacial tissue reaction (e.g. ceramic/bone tissue reaction).Composite implant materials: Mechanics of improvement of properties by incorporating different elements. Polymers Filled with osteogenic fillers (e.g. hydroxyapatite). Host tissue reactions.

UNIT V TESTING OF MATERIALS

Biocompatibility and Toxicological screening of biomaterials: Definition of biocompatibility blood compatibility and tissue compatibility. Toxicity tests: acute and chronic toxicity studies (in
situimplantation, tissue culture, haemolysis, thrombogenic potential test, systemic toxicity, intracutaneous irritation test), sensitization, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and special tests.

TOTAL 45 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES

 Understand the basic principle and properties of biomaterials:
 Analyze various types of metals used in implant applications.
 Explain the process of importance of ceramics and polymer used biomedical diagnostics

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, By Buddy D. Ratner, et. al. Academic Press, San Diego, 1996.
2. Sujata V. Bhat, Biomaterials, Narosa Publishing House, 2003.

REFERENCES:

1. J B Park, Biomaterials – Science and Engineering, Plenum Press, 1984.
2. Joon park, R.S Lakes, “Biomaterials an Introduction”Springer, 2007
3. Larry L. Hench and Julian R. Jones, Biomaterials, artificial organs and tissue engineering, CRC Press 2010