GI3701 Spatial Data Adjustment Syllabus:

GI3701 Spatial Data Adjustment Syllabus – Anna University Regulation 2021

OBJECTIVES:

 To impart skills in computational adjustment for Geomatics problems

UNIT I MEASUREMENT AND ERROR

Concepts of measurement and Error – Types of errors – Elementary concepts in probability – Reliability of measurement – significant figures – Error Propagation – linearization – Multi-variate distribution-Error ellipse-Weights of an observation- Stochastic model and Functional model.

UNIT II LEAST SQUARES ADJUSTMENT

Introduction – simple adjustment methods – Least squares method – Examples of least squares Problems – Techniques of least squares- concept of weight – least squares adjustment of indirect Observations –least square adjustment of observations only.

UNIT III VARIANCE COVARIANCE PROPAGATION

Random events and probability – Random variables – continuous probability distributions – normal distribution – Expectation – measures of precision and accuracy – covariance and correlation – covariance, cofactor and weight matrices – Introduction to sampling – Derivation of the propagation laws-Examples-step wise propagation.

UNIT IV PRE-ANALYSIS OF SURVEY MEASUREMENTS

Pre analysis procedure- Horizontal angle measurement, Distance measurement and elevation difference–Survey tolerances–Database creation using GIS: Modeling-Map layout.

UNIT V GEODETIC COMPUTATIONS

Rectangular, Polar and Spherical Co -ordinates-First and Second geodetic problem- methods of point determinations: intersection, resection, arc section and also with over determinations – Two Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Transformation adjustments.

TOTAL:45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:

On completion of the course, the student is expected to
CO1 Imparts concepts of error, error distribution and error adjustment procedures.
CO2 Understand the procedure involved in error adjustment using least square adjustment
CO3 Convey an idea about the quality of infinite size data by Variance and Covariance
CO4 Choose the suitable accuracy of instruments for their projects by pre-analysis, Technique and to create database by collecting quality datasets
CO5 Computation of coordinate using adjusted measurements and its transformation

TEXTBOOKS:

1.Mikhail, E.M. and Gracie G., Analysis and adjustment of Survey measurements, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 2005
2.Paul.R.Wolf and Charles. D.Ghilani, Adjustment Computations -Statistics and least squares in surveying and GIS, John Wiley and sons inc.,6th Edition,2017.

REFERENCES:

1. P.J.G.Teunissen, Adjustment theory an introduction, VSSD. 2006
2. OSCAR S. ADAMS, GEODESY: Application of the Theory of Least Squares to The Adjustment of Triangulation, Japanese Edition, Nabu Press, 2012.
3. Brinker Russell C Minnick Roy, The Surveying Hand Book, Volume-II, Springer,2nd Edition,1995.
4. Edward L. Ingram, Geodetic Surveying and the adjustment of observations (Method of Least Squares),Forgotten Books,2018.
5. Dr. B.C. Punmia, Ashok K.Jain and Arun K.Jain, Surveying Vol-III, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd.,17th Revised Edition,2005.