ML3402 Iron and Steel Making Syllabus:
ML3402 Iron and Steel Making Syllabus – Anna University Regulation 2021
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The main learning objective of this course is to prepare students for:
1. Acquiring the basic knowledge on the need for the beneficiation of iron ores and the different preliminary treatments given to the iron ores.
2. Discussing the various parts of blast furnace and the reactions that take place in the various zones of blast furnace
3. Understanding the principles and kinetics of pig iron production as well as steel making.
4. Getting insight on the various primary and secondary processes employed for making of steel
5. Producing the different types of steels by adopting the ladle metallurgy technique.
UNIT I RAW MATERIALS AND BURDEN PREPARATION
Iron ore classification, Indian iron ores, limestone and coking coal deposits, problems associated with Indian raw materials, Iron ore beneficiation and agglomeration, Briquetting, sintering, Nodulising and pelletizing, testing of burden materials, burden distribution on blast furnace performance.
UNIT II PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF IRON MAKING
Blast furnace parts, construction and design aspects, ancillary equipment for charging, preheating the blast, hot blast stoves, gas cleaning, Blast furnace operation, irregularities and remedies, Blast furnace instrumentation and control of furnace Compositional control of metal and slag in blast furnace, modern trends in blast furnace practice. Reduction of iron ores and oxides of iron by solid and gaseous reductions-thermodynamics and kinetics study of direct and indirect reduction, Gruner’s theorem, blast furnace reactions. C-O and Fe-C-O equilibria, Rist diagrams, Ellingham diagram, material and heat balance- Sponge Iron making.
UNIT III PRINCIPLES OF STEEL MAKING
Development of steel making processes, physico-chemical principles and kinetic aspects of steel making, carbon boil, oxygen-transport mechanism, desulphurisation, dephosphorisation, Slag Theories, slag-functions, composition, properties and theories, raw materials for steelmaking and plant layout.
UNIT IV STEEL MAKING PROCESSES
Open Hearth process- constructional features, process types, operation, modified processes, Duplexing, pre-treatment of hot metal. Bessemer processes, Side Blown Converter, Top Blown processes-L. D, L.D.A.C., Bottom blown processes, combined blown processes, Rotating oxygen processes – Kaldo and Rotor, Modern trends in oxygen steel making processes-Electric Arc and Induction furnace-constructional features. Steel Classifications and Standards-National and International- Alloy Designation.
UNIT V LADLE METALLURGY
Production practice for plain carbon steels, stainless steels, tool steels and special steels, Secondary steel making processes, continuous steel casting process – Deoxidation and teeming practice. Principle, methods and their comparison, Killed, Rimmed and Capped steels, Degassing practices, ingot production, ingot defects and remedies. Recent trends in steel making technology.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
Upon the completion of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Identify the suitable preliminary treatments to be given to the iron ore for the beneficiation of ores.
2. Discuss the construction of Blast furnace, its operation and the various reactions that takes place in the various zones of blast furnace.
3. Interpret the slag theories and slag functions in the steel making processes.
4. Compare the various steel making processes and analyse the advantages and limitations of the different processes.
5. Select the suitable secondary refining processes for producing a good quality steel.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dipak Mazumdar, “A First Course in Iron and Steel Making”, Universities press – IIM, Series in Metallurgy and Materials Science, India, 2015.
2. Tupkary, R. H.&Tupkary V.R., “An Introduction to Modern Iron Making”, Khanna Publishers, 4th edition, 2016 & “An Introduction to Modern Steel Making”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2000.
REFERENCES:
1. Ahindra Ghosh and Amit chatterjee, “Iron Making and Steel Making – Theory and Practice”, Prentice Hall of India Private Ltd., New Delhi 2008.
2. Biswas, A. K., “Principles of blast furnace iron making: theory and practice”, SBA Publications, Kolkata, 1994.
3. Bashforth, G. R., “Manufacture of Iron and Steel”, Vol. I, Chapman and Hall London, 1964.Bashforth,
G. R., “Manufacture of Iron and Steel”, Vol.2, 3rd Edition, Chapman & Hall, London, 1964.
4. “Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel”, US Steel Corporation, 11th edition, 1994.