PH3255 Physics for Instrumentation Engineering Syllabus:

PH3255 Physics for Instrumentation Engineering Syllabus – Anna University Regulation 2021

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

 To make the students to understand the basics of electricity and magnetism and vectors.
 To understand the electrical properties of materials including free electron theory, applications of quantum mechanics and magnetic materials.
 To instil knowledge on physics of semiconductors, determination of charge carriers and device applications
 To establish a sound grasp of knowledge on different optical properties of materials, optical displays and applications
 To inculcate an idea of significance of nano structures, quantum confinement and ensuing nano device applications.

UNIT I ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

Coulomb’s law, electric field intensity, electric flux density, Gauss’ law, divergence, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane, and spherical charge distributions, effect of the dielectric medium, capacitance of simple configurations, Biot-Savart’s law, Ampere’s law, curl, Faraday’s law, Lorentz force, Inductance, Magneto motive force, reluctance, magnetic circuits, self and mutual inductance of simple configurations.

UNIT II ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Classical free electron theory – Expression for electrical conductivity – Thermal conductivity, expression – Quantum free electron theory :Tunneling – degenerate states – Fermi- Dirac statistics – Density of energy states – Electron in periodic potential – Energy bands in solids – tight binding approximation – Electron effective mass – concept of hole. Magnetic materials: Dia, para and ferromagnetic effects – paramagnetism in the conduction electrons in metals – exchange interaction and ferromagnetism – quantum interference devices – GMR devices.

UNIT III SEMICONDUCTORS AND TRANSPORT PHYSICS

Intrinsic Semiconductors – Energy band diagram – direct and indirect band gap semiconductors – Carrier concentration in intrinsic semiconductors – extrinsic semiconductors – Carrier concentration in N-type & P-type semiconductors – Variation of carrier concentration with temperature – Carrier transport in Semiconductors: Drift, mobility and diffusion – Hall effect and devices – Ohmic contacts – Schottky diode.

UNIT IV OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Classification of optical materials – Optical processes in semiconductors: optical absorption and emission, charge injection and recombination, optical absorption, loss and gain. Optical processes in quantum wells – Optoelectronic devices: light detectors and solar cells – light emitting diode – laser diode – optical processes in organic semiconductor devices –excitonic state – Electro-optics and nonlinear optics: Modulators and switching devices – plasmonics.

UNIT V NANODEVICES AND QUANTUM COMPUTING

Introduction – quantum confinement – quantum structures: quantum wells, wires and dots –– band gap of nanomaterials. Tunneling – Single electron phenomena: Coulomb blockade – resonant-tunneling diode – single electron transistor – quantum cellular automata – Quantum system for information processing – quantum states – classical bits – quantum bits or qubits –CNOT gate – multiple qubits – Bloch sphere – quantum gates – advantage of quantum computing over classical computing.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

COURSE OUTCOMES :

At the end of the course, the students should be able to
CO1: know basics of electricity and magnetism and the influence of vectors in EMT.
CO2: gain knowledge on the electrical and magnetic properties of materials and their applications
CO3: understand clearly of semiconductor physics and functioning of semiconductor devices
CO4: understand the optical properties of materials and working principles of various optical devices
CO5: appreciate the importance of nanotechnology and nanodevices.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. S.O. Kasap. Principles of Electronic Materials and Devices, McGraw Hill Education (Indian Edition), 2020.
2. R.F.Pierret. Semiconductor Device Fundamentals.Pearson (Indian Edition), 2006.
3. G.W.Hanson. Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics.Pearson Education (Indian Edition), 2009.

REFERENCES :

1. Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Principles of Electromagnetics, Oxford Univ. Press 2015.
2. Jasprit Singh, Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Physics and Technology, McGraw- Hill Education (Indian Edition), 2019.
3. Charles Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Wiley India Edition, 2019.
4. Mark Fox, Optical Properties of Solids, Oxford Univ.Press, 2001.
5. Parag K. Lala, Quantum Computing: A Beginner’s Introduction, McGraw-Hill Education (Indian Edition), 20