CES334 Materials for Energy Sustainability Syllabus:

CES334 Materials for Energy Sustainability Syllabus – Anna University Regulation 2021

COURSE OBJECTIVES

 To familiarize the students about the challenges and demands of energy sustainability
 To provide fundamental knowledge about electrochemical devices and the materials used.
 To introduce the students to various types of fuel cell
 To enable students to appreciate novel materials and their usage in photovoltaic application
 To introduce students to the basic principles of various types Supercapacitors and the materials used.

UNIT I SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Introduction to energy demand and challenges ahead – sustainable source of energy (wind, solar etc.) – electrochemical energy systems for energy harvesting and storage – materials for sustainable electrochemical systems building – India centric solutions based on locally available materials – Economics of wind and solar power generators vs. conventional coal plants – Nuclear energy

UNIT II ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICES

Electrochemical Energy – Difference between primary and secondary batteries – Secondary battery (Li-ion battery, Sodium-ion battery, Li-S battery, Li-O2 battery, Nickel Cadmium, Nickel Metal Hydride) – Primary battery (Alkaline battery, Zinc-Carbon battery) – Materials for battery (Anode materials – Lithiated graphite, Sodiated hard carbon, Silicon doped graphene, Lithium Titanate) (Cathode Materials – S, LiCoO2, LiFePO4, LiMn2O4) – Electrolytes for Lithium-ion battery (ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate based)

UNIT III FUEL CELLS

Principle of operation of fuel cells – types of fuel cells (Proton exchange membrane fuel cells, alkaline fuel cell, direct methanol fuel cells, direct borohydride fuel cells, phosphoric acid fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and molten carbonate fuel cells) – Thermodynamics of fuel cell – Fuel utilization – electrolyte membrane ( proton conducting and anion conducting) – Catalysts ( Platinum, Platinum alloys, carbon supported platinum systems and metal oxide supported platinum catalysts) – Anatomy of fuel cells (gas diffusion layer, catalyst layer, flow field plate, current conductors, bipolar plates and monopolar plates).

UNIT IV PHOTOVOLTAICS

Physics of the solar cell – Theoretical limits of photovoltaic conversion – bulk crystal growth of Si and wafering for photovoltaic application – Crystalline silicon solar cells – thin film silicon solar cells – multijunction solar cells – amorphous silicon based solar cells – photovoltaic concentrators – Cu(InGa)Se2 solar cells – Cadium Telluride solar cells – dye sensitized solar cells – Perovskite solar cells – Measurement and characterization of solar cells – Materials used in solar cells ( metallic oxides, CNT films, graphene, OD fullerenes, single-multi walled carbon nanotubes, two-dimensional Graphene, organic or Small molecule-based solar cells materials – copper-phthalocyanine and perylenetetracarboxylicbis – benzine – fullerenes – boron subphthalocyanine- tin (II) phthalocyanine)

UNIT V SUPERCAPACITORS

Supercapacitor –types of supercapacitors (electrostatic double-layer capacitors, pseudo capacitors and hybrid capacitors) – design of supercapacitor-three and two electrode cell-parameters of supercapacitor- Faradaic and non – Faradaic capacitance – electrode materials (transition metal oxides (MO), mixed metal oxides, conducting polymers (CP), Mxenes, nanocarbons, non-noble metal, chalcogenides, hydroxides and 1D-3D metal-organic frame work (MOF), activated carbon fibres (ACF)- Hydroxides-Based Materials – Polyaniline (PANI), a ternary hybrid compositeconductive polypyrrole hydrogels – Different types of nanocomposites for the SC electrodes (carbon–carbon composites, carbon-MOs composites, carbon-CPs composites and MOs-CPs composites) – Two-Dimensional (2D) Electrode Materials – 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES

CO1 Students will acquire knowledge about energy sustainability.
CO2 Students understand the principles of different electrochemical devices.
CO3 Students learn about the working of fuel cells and their application.
CO4 Students will learn about various Photovoltaic applications and the materials used.
CO5 The students gain knowledge on different types of supercapacitors and the performance of various materials

REFERENCES

1. Functional materials for sustainable energy applications; John A. Kilner, Stephen J. Skinner, Stuart J. C. Irvine and Peter P. Edwards.
2. Hand Book of Fuel Cells: Fuel Cell Technology and Applications, Wolf Vielstich, Arnold Lamm, Hubert Andreas Gasteiger, Harumi Yokokawa, Wiley, London 2003.
3. B.E. Conway, Electrochemical supercapacitors: scientific fundamentals and technological applications, Kluwer Academic / Plenum publishers, New York, 1999.
4. T.R. Crompton, Batteries reference book, Newners, 3rd Edition, 2002.
5. Materials for Supercapacitor applications; B.Viswanathan. M.Aulice Scibioh
6. Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors: A Review of Recent Advances, Parnia Forouzandeh, Vignesh Kumaravel and Suresh C. Pillai, catalysts 2020.
7. Recent advances, practical challenges, and perspectives of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathodes Amanda Ndubuisi, Sara Abouali, Kalpana Singh and VenkataramanThangadurai, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022.
8. Review of next generation photovoltaic solar cell technology and comparative materialistic development Neeraj Kant, Pushpendra Singh, Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022.